What Makes a Graphic Design Truly Effective?

Graphic design is everywhere around us from the logos we recognize instantly to the layouts of websites and advertisements. But what actually makes a graphic design effective?

Is it the creativity behind the visuals, the way colors and typography work together, or how clearly the message is communicated to the audience?

Some people believe great design is mainly about aesthetics, while others think its real purpose is communication and problem-solving. A design might look beautiful, but if it fails to deliver its message, can it still be considered good design?

I’m curious to hear different perspectives.

In your opinion, what is the most important element of graphic design: creativity clarity or functionality ?